A Hybrid Wireless Sensor Network for Smart Agriculture

Abstract

The integration of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) in agriculture has transformed precision farming, enabling monitoring and management of crops. However, traditional WSNs face challenges related to coverage, scalability, and adaptability to varying conditions. This study introduces a WSN architecture that combines terrestrial and aerial (drone-based) sensor nodes to enhance the efficiency of smart agriculture. While terrestrial nodes collect ground-level data, aerial nodes offer a perspective that can swiftly respond to changing environmental conditions. This combined approach optimizes resource allocation, enhances data accuracy, and ensures coverage. By conducting simulations and field tests, we assess the performance of the WSN in terms of coverage, energy efficiency, and throughput. The results indicate that hybrid WSNs significantly improve precision agriculture capabilities by providing a solution for real-time monitoring, efficient resource utilization, and timely decision-making. This study sets the stage for advancing cutting-edge farming technologies to meet the increasing need for productive agricultural practices.